To the contrary, among such commentators there appears to be a growing consensus that, despite its important victories, the civil rights movement must be judged as on the whole a failure.
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave - eNotes These paragraphs contain the author's sub-claims/reasoning, counterclaims, and evidence. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. To this day, Douglass endures unequalled as the invincible adversary of racial despair and disaffectionthe preeminent exemplar and apostle of hopefulness in the American promise of justice for all. [5] As Abraham Lincoln and many others have observed, the claim that the Founders regarded blacks or nonwhites as beings lacking equal natural rights is altogether false. In all such policies, Douglass protested, there is clearly seen the purpose to crush our spirits, to cripple our enterprise and doom us to a condition of destitution and degradation.[44]. These fears clearly retain their currency in our own day, as do Douglasss efforts to dispel their causes. keep that person in prison for all of his or her natural life" (Spangenberg and Walsh 15). His new duties in that office compelled him, as he later wrote, to re-think the whole subject, and to study, with some care, not only the just and proper rules of legal interpretation, but the origin, design, nature, rights, powers, and duties of civil government.[13] This rethinking, he reported, brought about a radical change in my opinions.[14] At the center of that change was a radical reappraisal of the American Founding. I will focus my attention on how education allowed Douglass to understand how slavery was wrong, and how the Americans saw the blacks as not equal, and only suitable for slave work. In this method, the author would address the counterclaims within each of the body paragraphs. Plus, each essay includes a detailed analytical (not holistic) rubric for assessment-based learning. V, p. 78. Posted on June 22, 2022 by June 22, 2022 by Human nature cannot honor one who is helpless, Douglass had observed long before, but it is bound to respect those who display a forceful, virtuous self-reliance. V, p. 625. position? So he labored on in those years, cherishing the memory of Lincoln in part for his own, personal reasons and calling his fellow citizens also to venerate the Great Emancipator that they might be bound ever more firmly to the great cause for which he and so many loyal citizens had died: to bring forth out of the terrible war a renewed nation, reconceived in liberty and rededicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. The central or overall claim of an argumentative essay is also known as the thesis. [35] Douglass, The Future of the Negro People of the Slave States, in Life and Writings, Vol. Although the election meant that a new order of eventsis now fairly opening upon the country, he reserved judgment as to just how significant a change was in prospect. Here it is essential to note that Douglass, like James Madison, conceived of the right to property in its primary sense as a right to acquire material goods, grounded in the free use of ones faculties for productive labor. Step-by-step explanation: Answer options: a. dependence on a neighbor for water trade access; Slavery was brought to America in the 1600s taking millions of Africans from West Africa. His life was transformed yet again in August 1841, when the nations foremost abolitionist, William Lloyd Garrison, heard him speak at meetings in New Bedford and Nantucket, Massachusetts, and promptly offered him a position as a lecturer for the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society. IV, p. 514. 29 plumtrees road newtown, ct; popular subdivision names; how to cite the implicit association test Evidence provides factual proof for the reasons in an argument and can consist of facts, data, statistics, published study results, and quoted experts. (a) What main claim shapes Douglass's speech? Through the use of first person encounters, Frederick Douglass in his narrative A Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass argues that the key to freedom is claimed through education. His embrace of the arguments of the rival political abolitionist school freed him to involve himself in politics, and his increasing political activism through the 1850s and into the Civil War years eventually brought him face to face with President Abraham Lincolnfirst in the role of harshly critical petitioner and later, after the Emancipation Proclamation and the deepening of their acquaintance, as Lincolns valued adviser and friend. If he had he would have faced much more threats than he did. That's evidence. ete the task. One skill builds upon another. I hope you win your next argument! [62] Abraham Lincoln, Annual Message to Congress, December 1, 1862, in Abraham Lincoln: His Speeches and Writings, ed. One is that slavery was an institution that corrupted whites and robbed (or attempted to rob) blacks of their humanity. [60] He feared that such a development among black Americans likewise would be the effect of continuing failures to do justice by American institutions, as it could result also from the disaffection propagated by black advocates of emigration, despairing of Americas prospects for reform. He had finally conquered his fear of water. II, p. 446. That the natural-rights principles epitomized in the Declaration of Independence were universally and permanently true; That the everlasting glory of Americas Founding lay in its dedication to those principles; and. For example, one popular reason in support of the claim about banning capital punishment is that capital punishment costs taxpayers more than life in prison. Shubhra Mohanty June 09, 2022 Explain, -no, he/she first denied it, then comes out telling the truth, Write a definition of obstruction based on your understanding of the prefix ob-. -I have learned that African Americans have always been bullied and degraded by others, and they didn't get their freedom in the US until the mid 19th century, A discussion of a controversial or debatable issue, A particular belief, conclusion, or point of view. The power of education was also a key argument in The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, but it was not an argument with a consistent meaning. [15] Douglass, What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? in Douglass Papers, Vol. Argumentative essays have a basic structure that allows some room for the author's discretion. Douglass' primary claim in his narrative is that a nation predicated upon individual freedom cannot allow slavery to exist. Tell why all or part of the opposing point of view may be reasonable, plausible, or valid, but minimize the opposing position. How does douglass refute this counterclaim? They also remarked that slaves were often singing, which was said to prove they were happy, asserted that slaves were well taken of with cradle-to-grave security offered by benign masters, and argued that Christianity insured that white slave owners treated slaves with compassion. In his successive responses to these developments, Douglass expressed not despair but rising hopefulness. Search where you will, there is no country on the globe where labor is so respected and the laborer so honored, as in this country.[47], This, too, was a corollary of Douglasss non-exceptionalism principle. -the struggle for freedom changes through history by always separating one race from the other, and calling one superior That appreciation was, however, specific to the maturity of his thought. (b) How early in the speech does he introduce this claim? Its easy for us to admit that slavery is wrong but, in Frederick Douglasss time no one thought that it was. https://www.facebook.com/groups/sorliteracyhub, Enter code 3716 for 10% Discount on all ELA and Reading Intervention Programs. IV, pp. [13] Douglass, My Bondage and My Freedom, in Autobiographies, p. 392. For Douglass especially, the stakes of that contest were matters of concrete urgency as well as of larger national destiny. The reasoning is about the cost of the death penalty, while the evidence is about racial disparities in the implementation of the death penalty. Douglas removed his residual doubts by diving into the Warm Lake and swimming across to the other shore and back. He point-by-point counters a Southern narrative that argued that slavery benefitted black people. Viewing it amid the grand course of human events, Douglass saw in the Civil War an event of epochal moral significance. His first hand accounts of the cruel nature of slavery and the thought. Criticizethe evidence and analysis of the counterclaimas being unimportant, irrelevant, or a misinterpretation. 386387. The principles of natural human rights set forth in the Declaration of Independence, Douglass was convinced, represent a permanent, universal truth as well as the most practically powerful moral and political theory ever conceived. He returned also a more confident and independent thinker, and in late 1847, against Garrisons advice, he launched his own newspaper, originally titled The North Star. What have you learned about the struggle for freedom from reading this speech?
how does douglass refute this counterclaim? and the excerpt from Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass The 1850s witnessed a series of what, to many, must have appeared to be catastrophic setbacks for the abolitionist cause, beginning with the execrated Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, including also the KansasNebraska Act of 1854, and culminating in the Dred Scott ruling in 1857. [24] Douglass, The Late Election, December 1860, in Life and Writings, Vol. Let us consider first the difficulties. How does the struggle for freedom change with history? The hook should be on-topic and supportive of the author's argument. Slavery not only expropriated the fruits of its victims labor, but also assaulted the moral and mental faculties by which, once freed, they might otherwise have put their labor to profitable and elevating uses. At the same time, Douglass' exploration of Christianity, and its hypocrisy when used to justify slavery, and the idea that the promise of freedom cannot be realized when a group of people are enslaved, helps to bolster the claims that slavery is America's "original sin.". Reasons for a claim can also be written as a "because" statement with the claim: the United States should ban capital punishment because capital punishment costs taxpayers more than life in prison. Douglass's life-story is presented in a way that creates a compelling argument against the justification of slavery. Not only will people need to know where you got your evidence, they might even want to see it. Two key components of an argumentative essay are the reasons and evidence. Fair play meant at minimum that the nation must reject the alternatives of (1) re-enslavement, this time of the entire black American population; (2) colonization or expatriation; (3) persisting subordination of blacks as a degraded caste; and (4) outright extermination. This deep, Lockean insight, which he shared, once again, with Americas Founders, moved Douglass to defend the natural right of property against errors and attacks from divergent positions. Frederick Douglass, J. M. Whitfield, H. O . [45] The manuscript is available in the Frederick Douglass Papers at the Library of Congress (Speech, Article, and Book File; Miscellany, Folder 7 of 20) and also online at the librarys Douglass Papers Web site, http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/doughtml/doughome.html. This is her first step from being a kind-hearted woman with generous tendencies to harnessing her natural instincts and instead becoming cruel. Using stories to illustrate each of his points, Douglass shows that black slaves only tell whites they are happy to avoid retribution, that they sing to mourn and lament their fate, and that owners who have gone to revival meetings and come back "converted" to Christianity feel even more emboldened to beat and mistreat their slaves, because it is Biblically sanctioned that slaves must obey their masters. 9 chapters | What I ask for the negro, he explained in 1865, is not benevolence, not pity, not sympathy, but simply justice.[48]. Twenty months later, he returned a free man by law, his freedom having been purchased with funds raised by English friends, and resumed his abolitionist labors in the U.S. Whereas Douglass from the outset called urgently and insistently for the Civil Wars prosecution as an abolition war, Lincoln saw in such a course of action only a self-destructive rashnessa premature radicalizing of the war, most likely to result in the disaffection of vital allies and, ultimately, the catastrophic failure of the Union cause. TheEight Writing Process Essays(printables and 170 Google slides) each feature an on-demand diagnostic essay assessment, writing prompt with connected reading, brainstorming, graphic organizer, response, revision, and editing activities. -his language is different, it proves hes educated, (b) How effective would it be for a modern audience?