which of the following is a pathogen quizletwhich of the following is a pathogen quizlet

does Chronic fatigue syndrome have a cure? D Yeast infections, What pathogen causes diseases that are often spread through contaminated water? % These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Apply. they are lost as we age. Consider an airplane flying at a pressure altitude of 33,500 ft and a density altitude of 32,000 ft. PCR -Hand washing (c) What initiates the period of decline? a type of sking infection spread by direct skin-to-skin contact is what? We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. For each of the following pairs of isotopes, indicate which one you think would be radioactive: have enzymes which react with antigens. Answer- Excavata is a major supergroup of unicellular organisms . She suspects that the bacterium's fimbriae are a virulence factor. innate Thaks po Advertisement Advertisement New questions in Science. False, False The EPS can act as an absorbent, reducing the amount of antibiotic that can attack the bacterial cells. True Some have glycans on their surface which the immune system fails to recognize. 1. basophils and macrophages B Measles This page titled 15.E: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity (Exercises) is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by OpenStax via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. *The RhoGAM shot is an example of passive immunity. They use up nutrients and release wastes, preventing pathogenic bacteria from gaining a foothold. period of illness = the time at which the signs and symptoms of disease are most obvious and severe. The organism that attaches itself to healthy cells is called a/an: A virus. Bloodborne pathogens are: -Viruses and bacteria -micro-organisms -Carried in the blood -Transmitted by other potentially infectious materials Which of the following is NOT considered a bloodborne pathogen? It is composed mostly of protein, has high toxicity, and is not heat stable. helps other immune responses. Section: 07.02. Test Prep. Section: 07.05, Human Anatomy Physiology Laboratory Manual Main Version, Anatomy and Physiology: An Integrative Approach, Michael McKinley, Theresa Bidle, Valerie O'Loughlin. Antigenic __________ is the result of reassortment of genes responsible for the production of influenza virus spike proteins between different virus particles while in the same host, whereas antigenic __________ is the result of point mutations in the spike proteins. They are both forms of passive immunity. In this context, this means q"]dg' ~2CqfR Z:+ C2'\&zQH4U^;D},}y 7HhTKy/5z'/wj\jB}H+Dzzke/}^bTY9bH]K0mY&0 j0#\0p(-&T"vUYIAcD+Hdb->[[~@+u@*i!VI7kiT.&S6dI&ezre^Zm;U;-)oR.s. ~s9(kB4)a26;]DP/>EahC_6KaKfho s2Lr`P(L"eG5dM|cGzU\BVszPdQj-XT2%dsg*fs9]XG%ZZ4cCzaOOzdivV> a. Feces and urine c. Amniotic fluid b. Fluid surrounding heart and lungs d. The tiniest and toughest pathogens are what? They release histamine which causes blood vessels to become permeable. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Section: 07.01. Organisms that lack chlorophyll and consist of reproductive spores and threadlike fibers represent what? neutrophils and macrophages toxic shock syndrome has been assiciated witht the use of what? Pathogens are microorganisms that cure disease. they only act internally. *In active immunity the individual produces antibodies against particular pathogens and in passive immunity the individual is given specific antibodies against a pathogen. Exoenzymes are classified according to the macromolecule they target and exotoxins are classified based on their mechanism of action. Explain how acupuncture could facilitate exposure to pathogens. You also discover that it targets liver cells. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 816.96] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> They use up nutrients and release wastes, preventing pathogenic bacteria from gaining a foothold. The four main functions of inflammation are to protect the body from further damage, remove damaged tissue, repair tissue damage, and prevent the spread of infection. D Polio, Which disease is often called the "kissing disease" because you can get it from contact with saliva? A. a surface protein allowing the pathogen to bind to host cells B. a secondary host the pathogen can infect C. a surface protein the host immune system recognizes D. the ability to form a provirus A 10. a. BCR IgM There is currently no vaccination available for Hepatitis B. What do "having the measles" and being vaccinated against the measles have in common? difficulty breathing, difficulty breathing You have recently identified a new toxin. ##Qmv&,! *Monocytes become macrophages once they enter the tissues. Which of the following would be a sign of an infection? a protein produced by plasma cells that attacks pathogens Bloodborne Pathogens are microorganisms in blood that may cause disease in humans. Healthcare providers that use the sinks could also pick up the pathogen and transmit the bacterium to patients as well. (a) In what way are both of these periods similar? Employees who have an occupational exposure risk to blood or OPIM are to be offered the hepatitis B vaccination at no cost. C. It is an example of an adhesin. Section: 07.03, Phil was exposed to parasitic worms on a recent field trip to the tropics. Draw the symbol that represents the pathogen. eqR)BZZt[A Describe the virulence factors associated with the fungal pathogen Aspergillus. agglutinating them. Which of the following is an example of a noncommunicable infectious disease? Does the Earth really go around the Sun? 19. - the virulence factors are: aflatoxin & gliotoxin Bloodborne pathogens are infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans. passive, active Let the upper rod have a mass of 7.0kg7.0 \mathrm{~kg}7.0kg and the lower rod a mass of 4.0kg4.0 \mathrm{~kg}4.0kg. The larval form of Schistosoma mansoni uses a __________ to help it gain entry through intact skin. Bacterial toxins include endotoxin and exotoxins. Of the three options listed, which is the preferred method to protect employees from exposure to blood or OPIM? -Protective Equipment *The acquired defense system will also recognize cancer cells with abnormal membrane proteins and destroy them. Washing your hands is one of the main ways to prevent from getting sick. The lymphatic system will play a role in defending the body against pathogens and maintaining a state of homeostasis. *Inflammation and the release of histamine is part of the body's innate defenses. Inactivate the gene so that fimbriae are no longer produced. If the acupuncture needles are not sterile, pathogens could enter skin tissue or blood vessels, potentially initiating an infection. Viruses are treated with antibiotics. 27. plasma cells form; B cell divides; B cell activated; antigen binds to BCR, antigen binds to BCR; B cell activated; B cell divides; plasma cells form 29. An employee, who has an occupational exposure potential with blood or OPIM, does not need to notify their supervisor as to the existence of an open sore. a. the vehicle that carries the pathogen b. a person or population that comes in contact with a pathogen c. a person who has a party for friends and family d. the intermediate resevoir where the pathogen lives A person or population that comes in contact with a pathogen These cells provide two types of acquired immunity: 1. which biological agent is not considered by terrorist for the mass destruction of people? Hepatitis B c. HIV d. E.coli Definition a. Blood is the only bodily fluid that can carry pathogens. Section: 07.04, Before working at the hospital, Beth was given a Mantoux skin test to detect tuberculosis. all of the following are true statements concerning mononucleosis except? 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In this case, the person has acquired a(n) __________ disease. OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.1030 is directed towards which healthcare concern? The risk of HIV/AIDS transmission from a needle stick is approximately _____ percent. True Universal precautions Treating all human materials as if to be infected with bloodborne pathogens is called a. Automatically remove your image background. Section: 07.05, Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease? It does not grow in the absence of oxygen. *The inflammatory response occurs after the pathogen has entered the body. Two types of toxins are hemolysins and leukocidins. The human leg can be compared to a physical pendulum, with a "natural" swinging period at which walking is easiest. Cilia, fimbriae, and pili are all examples of structures used by microbes for __________. passive, neutral A. hemolysin Section: 07.04, If you were vaccinated against the mumps virus and later exposed to it, you would still be infected but it would not be as bad as if you had never been vaccinated. 8 00:48:34 Multiple Choice Supergroup Amoebozoans - Giardia intestinalis (Giardiasis) Supergroup Amoebozoans - Entamoeba histolytica (Amoebiasis) Supergroup SAR - Plasmodium (Malaria) Supergroup Excavata. C. degrade nucleic acid to promote spread of pathogen Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he A. wipes the knife used to cut up the raw chicken on a hand towel before using the knife to cut up the salad vegetables. 16. B Inchworms B. promote pathogen spread through connective tissue. *Neutrophils and macrophages are the main cells involved in the inflammatory response. The thymus cleanses the blood from the cardiovascular system of cellular debris and bacteria. IgD sebaceous secretions True or false: Add back the fimbriae gene (on a plasmid) into the mutant to construct a complemented strain. Which of the following applies to hyaluronidase? the chemical forms a gas that is inhaled and travels deep into the lungs, Viruses regularly move between animals and humans in mayor but dangerous cases a brothers may undergo a genetic change that increases its risk of causing serious disease in human populations of the following changes in human animal interactions could reasonably be expected to increase the risk of human harm due to virus exposure, Humans now raise large number of animals for food, A medical facility stores material that produce out for radiation these materials are located in room surrounded by thin wooden walls what are the specific rest to a worker walking just outside the room, tobacco smoke is a teratogen. ", Organisms or the toxins they produce that can cause disease in people or animals are known as, "Any item that has the potential to pierce, cut, or puncture the skin should be disposed of in a proper puncture proof container immediately after being used.". false Strep throat is caused by a? Section: 07.03, In ______ immunity the individual produces antibodies against particular pathogens while in ______ immunity the individual is given specific antibodies against a pathogen. True D antibodies. Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? A(n) __________ infection is a small region of infection from which a pathogen may move to another part of the body to establish a second infection. Fungal and parasitic pathogens use pathogenic mechanisms and virulence factors that are similar to those of bacterial pathogens. They are both forms of an infection. Microbe c. Protozoa b. Bacteria d. Fungii ____ 2. Which of the following is the most likely explanation? a. pathogens TCR Which of the following is not a bloodborne pathogen? IgD antibodies signify the readiness of the B cells. anaphylactic It is composed mostly of protein, has high toxicity, and is not heat stable. (b) In terms of quantity of pathogen, in what way are these periods different? they act indiscriminately against all pathogens. is part of the inflammatory response. Imagine that a mutation in the gene encoding the cholera toxin was made. Section: 07.04. active, neutral IgA antibodies prevent pathogens from attaching to epithelial cells in the digestive and respiratory tract. memory cell He has a fever of 38 C (100.4 F) and complains of nausea and a constant migraine. *Hay fever is a hypersensitivity. Two types of toxins are hemolysins and leukocidins. A. 100% (2 ratings) 8) e) Mannose-binding lectin because this protein plays a very crucial role in the activation of the complementation pathway called the lectin pathway. They are not as easily treated compared with those involving free-floating (or planktonic) bacteria. is composed of normal flora. intact skin The larval form of Schistosoma mansoni uses a __________ to help it gain entry through intact skin. Endotoxin is the lipid A component of the LPS of the gram-negative cell envelope. Acupuncture involves needles that are inserted into the skin. eosinophils Section: 07.03, In antibody-mediated immunity where does the antigen first bind? Based on these characteristics, how would you classify this toxin? causing them to burst. True D. degrade cell membranes to allow pathogens to escape phagosomes, 13. Nb['hm We]D!DTJewEj(dd.v,"t?huBwh7Vr5qjazNlAZO;8?&EToAb#xBxjzl?ch"x\}CAASM{Pj\^ViATinfMi\k+>!aOi/_gw]6/U)M~+ 8c Zj-L*c. The relative risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens is great. The EPS protects the bacteria from the host's immune response. Kochs postulates are used to determine whether a particular microorganism is a pathogen. 30. Section: 07.02, What cell types are involved in the inflammatory response? C. marinates the cut-up pieces of raw chicken in the . A) Anton van Leeuwenhoek B) Louis Pasteur C) Robert Koch . <> Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like pathogens are one of the major sources of environmental risks. eosinophils and basophils D Strep throat and pneumonia, __________ are single celled organisms. B Chicken Pox P. aeruginosa usually causes localized ear and eye infections but can cause pneumonia or septicemia in vulnerable individuals like newborn babies. A world-class bicycle rider can generate one-half horsepower for long periods. OSHA mandates that all employers are required to develop an Exposure Plan outlining what steps are to be taken to prevent exposure to bloodborne pathogens. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Quiz 2: Statistics & Pathophysiology Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. The Shiga and diphtheria toxins target __________ in host cells. Brian goes to the hospital after not feeling well for a week. False, True Distinguish between the signs and symptoms of disease in Brians case. In what position would you place a client in suspected hypovolemic shock? stream Which of the following is a pathogen that could not be identified by the original Koch's postulates? They cause an inflammatory response that kills pathogenic bacteria upon contact. Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. *The correct order is: antigen binds to BCR; B cell activated; B cell divides; plasma cells form. Which of the lymphatic organs is also part of the skeletal system? Section: 07.02, Monocytes become what type of cell in the tissue? degrade nucleic acid to promote spread of pathogen, degrade cell membranes to allow pathogens to escape phagosomes. A Cold and flu answer choices Virus Bacteria Fungi Parasite/Protist They are all alive Question 2 10 seconds Q. B-cell mediated. Exoenzymes and toxins allow pathogens to invade host tissue and cause tissue damage. 18. Exotoxins are proteins secreted mainly by gram-positive bacteria. 12. *(c) ion. (b) How do they differ? *IgM antibodies activate the complement and clump cells. All of the following are major forms of disease transmission except? A Bacteria Section: 07.05, All autoimmune diseases are caused strictly by environmental factors such as viral infections. Definition. 3. B. at time of initial assignment and annually thereafter. 33. Infected blood or OPIM may be transmitted through which of the following means? They are both forms of an immune deficiency. -An employee who is exposed to a pathogen during the course of regular work duties. A healthcare worker not washing his/her hands. neutral, passive Treating all human materials as if to be infected with bloodborne pathogens is called. active Which pathogen is most virulent? IgE antibodies are responsible for the immediate allergic response and protection against parasitic worms. Diseases that involve biofilm-producing bacteria are of serious concern. A Mononucleosis Blood splash to the nose Needle stick Through the air Blood exposure to skin that is chapped or abraded 7, Which of the following is the appropriate place to dispose of glass pieces from broken slides or ampules? ", "According the Centers for Disease Control, how many people living in the United States suffer from chronic HBV? *The Major Histocompatibility Complex antigens must match to avoid rejection of the transplant. D. It is produced by immune cells to target pathogens. Or is it also valid to say that the Sun goes around the Earth? Multiple Choice. cytokines. Adhesins are usually located on __________ of the pathogen and are composed mainly of __________ and __________. List the types of substances to which each of the following chromatographic methods is most applicable: Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? rheumatoid arthritis Which of the following is not a lymphatic organ? In an infection, a microorganism enters a host and begins to multiply. Which of the following is a major virulence factor for the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus? Neglect rolling friction. The bacterium is probably which of the following? active *Cytotoxic T cells contain perforin molecules that punch holes in the plasma membranes of potential pathogens. *When an injury is not serious, the inflammatory response is short-lived and the healing process will quickly return the affected area to the normal state.
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