a. )the id b. Which of the following procedures has typically resulted in patients becoming permanently lethargic? 45 Evolutionary psychology is most likely to emphasize that human )The behavior is deviant for someone whose work does not demand it. She nearly killed herself by slitting her wrists. We are interested in the population proportion of people who feel the president is doing an acceptable job. sperm or eggs. Oct. 2. The threadlike structures that contain genes are called. c.)reaction formation. b. temporal lobes C) people are the most romantically attracted to those who are the most genetically dissimilar to themselves. Research on left-handedness suggests that Extremely stressful experiences can change overall optimistic explanatory styles into more pessimistic styles. c.)comprehensive guidelines for diagnosing only treatment-resistant mental disorders. a. How can Dr. a. d.)Jeremy effectively cope with antisocial personality disorder. c.)The people in the untreated group do not get better, while in the psychotherapy group about a third of the people get better, about a third deteriorate, and about a third remain unchanged. c.)epigenetic molecule. 31. a. b. )biological psychologist. To help Monica overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. d.)are at increased risk for antisocial behavior. Evolutionary psychology is the observation of behavior, concept, and feeling as regarded through the lens of evolutionary biology. She knows a little about different therapies and has decided she doesn't want to get involved in anything long term. b. Which of the following is TRUE regarding heredity? Evolutionary psychology studies the evolution of behavior and the mind using principles of natural selection Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human reproductive success. It only arises after basic psychological and physiological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved. a. The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior is known as A) molecular genetics. d.)is the part of the unconscious mind that reflects human evolutionary history and is common to all people. Alex's behavior suggests that he is in the _____ stage of psychosexual development. Caring for one's appearance does not depend on gender, and older people worry as much about . Stephen Jay Gould (/ u l d /; September 10, 1941 - May 20, 2002) was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, and historian of science.He was one of the most influential and widely read authors of popular science of his generation. Negative Bias: Why We're Hardwired for Negativity - Verywell Mind d.)passionate love. c.)A young man marries a fertile woman who has two children by a previous partner. d.)the placebo effect. )obsessive-compulsive disorder. b. They have found that people worldwide spend an average of four hours a day on enhancing their beauty. c.)a dispositional attribution. b. )electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). PET scan. According to _____________, by altering your behavior you stand a good chance of changing your attitude. b. b.)psychoanalysis. b. Evolutionary psychology (EP) is a theoretical perspective that applies evolutionary principles to the study of human behavior. a. d.)less likely to be the same sex and less likely to be similar in extraversion. People with this personality disorder are so fearful of rejection that it predisposes them to withdraw from society. Ten Surprising Facts About Stressful Life Events and Disease Risk Cognitive dissonance theory emphasizes that we seek to reduce the discomfort we feel when we become aware that: c.)behavioral conditioning therapy. a.)hallucinations. Racial differences in a highly heritable trait are not necessarily caused by: Our selective exposure to those life experiences that are best suited to our unique temperaments best illustrates the interaction of, Because Marla is the first girl in her fourth-grade class to sexually mature, she is sometimes teased and rejected by her classmates. chapter 4 Flashcards | Chegg.com )generalized anxiety disorder. b. )oral a.)obsessions. This technique is known as the: a. b. b. )fear dangerous animals. b. )the bystander effect. Development Research suggests that this negativity bias starts to emerge in infancy. a. )Correlational analysis d.)53, c.)She can make sure the participants know that she has a Ph.D. from a prestigious university. b. d.)striving for superiority. Forty-six chromosomes are located within every human: Genes form templates for the production of: The human genome has about 3 billion pairs of: Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive behaviors are those that have promoted: The prevalence of genetically predisposed traits which have a reproductive advantage is best explained in terms of: If a genetic predisposition to fear darkness contributes to reproductive success, that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations. It is an election year, and a volunteer asks if you would put a small sign in your yard. In promoting personality growth, the person-centered perspective emphasizes everything EXCEPT: )positive symptoms. d.)moral integrity. )preconscious b. )10 percent. a. Acquired 8% Distribution Transformers Corporation bonds costing $400,000 at face value. Cross-cultural research on human development indicates that: b. developmental processes are highly similar among individuals raised in different cultures. )self-blaming and overgeneralized explanations of bad events. b. d. failing to consider unconscious motivations. c.)are genetically predisposed. )the trait perspective. left-handers generally demonstrate less artistic competence than right-handers. c.)3 weeks c.)temperament. This behavior is best understood in terms of: Cognitive therapists are most likely to emphasize that emotional disturbances result from: b. Although the cause of antisocial personality disorder is unclear, some people do appear to have a genetic vulnerability. personality. c.)the superego Amanda blames herself for her recent job loss. shyness; social group. )She can have a second confederate in the room; the confederate should be a role model for defiant behavior. The market prices of the investments are, AmericanInstrumentsbonds$850,000M&DCorporationbonds$1,460,000(Hint:Interestmustbeaccrued. b. )including some conditions that are too "normal" to be considered disorders, such as extreme sadness related to bereavement. c.)physical exercise. b. a. D) overestimating cultural differences in human sexual behaviors. b. d.)schemas. e. Question 2. )both a common language for labeling psychological disorders and comprehensive guidelines for diagnosing them. c.)our desire for love and security b. b. genetic mutations. )frustration-aggression theory A. larger bodies What scientist contributed to evolutionary theory? b. Dr. Miller is most likely a (n): a) evolutionary psychologist. The ___________ model assumes that mental disorders have physical causes that can be diagnosed and treated. Since the beginnings of philosophical thought, the question of the nature and origin of pain has developed. )becoming so absorbed in reading a book that we don't hear the telephone ring )external attributions for failure. Evolutionary theorists assert that gender differences in spatial abilities reflect the division of labour in ancestral hunting and gathering societies in which males typically handled the hunting and females the gathering. Your sister-in-law always has a smile on her face and a joke to tell. b.)deindividuation. )behavior geneticists. Recent brain research contradicts previously held beliefs, indicating that new neurons are actually formed in the brain. c.)linkage analysis. c.)epigenetics. )underestimating the extent to which people differ from one another. )cognitive therapy. The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior and personality traits is known as A. molecular genetics. In addition, Tate seems to lack a conscience for wrongdoing. The tendency to exaggerate the impact of child-raising practices on children's personalities has been most characteristic of: )we have overestimated the impact of personal dispositions on behavior. c. a. d.)ECT. hormones. the study of how the environment triggers genetic expression. d.)extraversion. 564 The reproductive advantage enjoyed by organisms best suitedto a particular environment is . His absence of appropriate behavior is known as: Although he has been diagnosed with schizophrenia, she still expects him to do things around the house. parietal lobes influences that affect our mating decisions. d. What is the probability that AAA or B3B_3B3 occurs? If you have an intense fear of speaking in public, eating out, or going to parties, you may be suffering from: a. Because Marla is the first girl in her fourth-grade class to sexually mature, she is sometimes teased and rejected by her classmates. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to be criticized for A) working backward to provide after-the-fact explanations of human mating preferences. c.)escape from real-life pressures offered by psychotherapy. Margaret Washburn Who would be most likely to emphasize the role of the unconscious in affecting behavior? The third approach arises out of the job stress literature. Today's Psychology Can't Help American Men In psychoanalysis, transference refers to the: c.)overly permissive child-rearing practices. a. )antisocial c.)There is no known link between smoking and depression. )both a common language for labeling psychological disorders and comprehensive guidelines for diagnosing them. )do not increase; increase C. behavior genetics. frontal lobes )People in the psychotherapy group improve at about the same rate as the people in the untreated group. )a flat affect )aversive conditioning. \text{M\&D Corporation bonds}& \$1,460,000\\ d.)a negative explanatory style. Billy has an identical twin who was recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder. )generalized anxiety disorder Twin studies suggest that Alzheimer's disease is influenced by, Which brain structure might be most active when answering the question "What do the following words have in common: plane, butter, insect? observable responses to the environment. c.)Asperger syndrome b. )Marshall, who has chronic schizophrenia c.)social phobia b. a. Since the time of Darwin, there have been many other scientists who have. c.)schizophrenia. Letting another person know that we sense and understand the feelings he or she is expressing to us best demonstrates: )evolutionary psychologists. b. a. d.)mania. Her friends are worried because she no longer shows interest in her normal social activities. The stability of personality during adulthood is best evaluated by: Indicate any amounts that Ornamental Insulation would report in its 2021 income statement, 2021 statement of comprehensive income, and 12/31/2021 balance sheet as a result of these investments. Compared with identical twins, fraternal twins are: c.)We can never say what percentage of an individual's personality or intelligence is inherited. a. a. )None of these would be an explanation for why your friend yelled at you. c.)cognitive dissonance phenomenon. Rather than believe your friend is a rude jerk, you decide that she may be having difficulties with her partner. )\begin{array}{lr} a. )unconditional love and acceptance Lars is an excellent violinist. \text{American Instruments bonds}& \$ 850,000\\ b.)self-actualization. c.)schizotypal personality disorder. An organism's complete set of genetic instructions is called a: The thread-like structures that contain genes are called: ______________ develop from a single fertilized egg, whereas ______________ develop from separate fertilized eggs. c.)normative social influence. a. d.)systematic desensitization. )Larry effectively cope with dissociative identity disorder. humanistic psychologists a historically significant perspective that emphasized human growth potential. People who are troubled by repetitive thoughts or actions are suffering from: c.)Wolpe's exposure therapy. )medical a. d.)genetic predispositions have little effect on our social relationships. a. Psychology should only study the observable and measurable. The Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board has a link to all agency Performance and Accountability Reports or Agency Financial Reports. Immediately you yell out "Crazy driver!" d.)being unaware of the fact that she has an eating disorder, _____ can be described as the use of psychological techniques to increase understanding and treat emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal problems. Evolutionary psychology is most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to - 28529382 Tudily805 Tudily805 09/07/2022 )generalized anxiety disorder hippocampus a. Abraham Maslow suggested that individuals who are open, spontaneous, and not paralyzed by the opinions of others display: )automatic mimicry. b. c.)mild depression. Using the principles of natural selection, _________________ studies how behavior and the mind have evolved. a. The political opinions of adopted children are closer to those of their adopted parents than those of their biological parents. c.)being unable to remember one's own name or other important details about one's own life )overestimating the consistency of behavior from one situation to another. As group leaders, women are ________ likely than men to promote a democratic leadership style. Contrary to finding a middle-aged man and behavior often emphasized sex with emotional closeness psychology of dating prospects. forties. a.)phobia. behavior and mental processes. brain waves that indicate we are not reacting to a stimulus. A) naturalistic observation . a. religious beliefs. )transference b. occipital lobes No investments were held by Ornamental on December 31, 2020. )a situational attribution. a. (True Answer )Correct interaction. Yet in the last two decades there has been a growing realization that even though culture plays a major role in the final expression of human nature, there must be a basic scaffolding specified by . You want to know whether having a nationally ranked football program means more or less money for academic programs at your university. a. a. A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on A) skin color. d.)validity; standardization. a. norms. )The behavior is dysfunctional for Naima. Psychology Chapter 4 Flashcards | Quizlet e. In contrast to Freud, which of the following did psychoanalyst Karen Horney emphasize as important during personality development? Cancer survivors who develop a fresh delight in their children and who begin to savor the joy of each new day best illustrate: Dr. Miller is most likely a(n): What is the future value of $800 one year from today if the interest rate is 7 percent? Cultural Consideration )patient's unconscious attempts to block the process of revealing repressed memories and conflicts. d.)erotic plasticity. These problems indicate that Jonah has: 5 min read. )A young woman marries a successful middle-aged man. Laws of Attraction: How Do We Select a Life Partner? - Psychology Today b. f. Given that AAA has occurred, what is the probability that B4B_4B4 occurs? The threadlike structures that contain genes are called You agree. Test #4 Flashcards | Chegg.com a. b. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human a. naturalistic observation. c. )disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, Which of the following is a new diagnostic label in DSM-5? Annest is most likely to feel uncomfortable because Wang has violated her. A basic element of all effective psychotherapies is the: One cluster expresses anxiety, such as that exhibited in ______________ personality disorder. )neurogenesis, transference, and posttraumatic growth. Unit 3 Practice Test pt 3 Flashcards | Quizlet At her health club, Bonnie pedals an exercise bike much faster when other patrons are using nearby equipment. )maladaptive disorder The only type of treatment that can bring her out of depression quickly and potentially save her life is: a.)self-transcendence. d.)a larger number of synapses. c.)behavioral consistency. d.)Freud; Elvis, b. Taro and Kiichi are fraternal twins being raised by the same parents; Helene and Victoire are identical twins being raised by the same parents. Research on the causes of schizophrenia strongly suggests that: To determine if the drug is effective, he should: b. c.)the bystander effect. a. Design an experiment to test whether drinking alcohol influences people's tendency to become socially aggressive. For the past four weeks, Odessa has been feeling lethargic and worthless. c. c.)clients have no need to believe or promote that the therapy was effective. d.)light exposure therapy. c.)pineal gland This best illustrates: b. c.)moral instinct c.)empirically derived a. a. c.)substantial The behavioral perspective is most likely to - Course Hero )dysfunctional disorder Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive behaviors are those that have promoted a. reproductive success. )binge eating and purging by self-induced vomiting )active listening. They vandalized the opposing team's field and the police had to be called in. a. This school of thought emphasize that evolution has influenced humans to provide a mating advantage through processes of natural and sexual selection. \end{array} Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human )gender-typing bias. Helene and Victoire are more likely than Taro and Kiichi to be similar in, Studies of identical twins who had been reared apart most clearly highlight the importance of ________ in personality development. d.)molecular genetics. b. )systematic desensitization. The process involves encoding, storing and retrieval. Received semiannual interest payment on the Distribution Transformers bonds. )cognitive dissonance theory. )posttraumatic stress disorder. )enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted. b. Choose one of the CFO Act agencies to evaluate. Compared to 1960, today's culture has all of the following EXCEPT for a: b.)altruism. e. c.)Maslow's hierarchy of needs. thoughts, feelings, and perceptions. )natural selection. Incorrect natural selection. b.)depression. The best way to detect enlarged fluid-filled brain regions in some patients who have schizophrenia is to use a(n) A. a. d.)client's expectation that psychotherapy will make things better. What portion of the agencys assets are composed of cash (i.e., Fund Balance with Treasury)? Evolutionary psychologists believe that the behavioural predispositions or tendencies, such as 'aggression', is determined by genes and which is transfered from one generation to the next. Why?Because people are greedy.) Last week Tate went into the hospital for a painful medical procedure. d. c.)quadrupled rate of reported juvenile violent crime. )obsessive-compulsive disorder. active or inactive. Significant dieting with significant weight loss of more than 15 percent of one's normal body weight is common in individuals with: Which Viewpoint would John Watson Most Likely Agree with? What is the probability that AAA occurs? d.)traits. Evolutionary Developmental Psychology: A New Tool for Better - JSTOR Nancy's therapist is an active listener who often paraphrases what she says. a. c.)progressive relaxation. b. Q. b. b. What do psychologists who study evolution search for? b. d.)vary widely across cultures. Pain is a ubiquitous phenomenon. Mar. Memory can be defined as the internal storage or faculty that stores the information and facilitates in retrieval whenever required. brain lesion. He has a very difficult time reading the facial expressions of others and reading the state of mind of those who talk to him. )the foot-in-the-door phenomenon. b. the percentage of differences in intelligence among a group of individuals that is attributable to genetics. d.)Beck's cognitive therapy. religious beliefs; personality traits Evolutionary Psychology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy )the place theory c) memes. Misrepresentations of Evolutionary Psychology in Sex and Gender For instance, evolutionary psychologists hypothesize that men may be more prone to casual sex because it benefits their ability to pass on genes. b. a. )partial b. )obsessive-compulsive disorder. )group polarization. b. d.)linkage analysis. c.)schizophrenia patients suffer from a deficiency of the neurotransmitter serotonin. d.)generalized anxiety disorder. Social structural theory maintains that sex differences result from changes in society and social roles occupied by men and women. This ____________ will likely influence Cynthia to act negatively toward her neighbor. Evolutionary Psychologist Degrees and Career Guide [2023] d.)bipolar disorder. Unit-1 - Study - UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY* Structure 1 )positive symptoms. a. This disorder is called: She is constantly worried about her home life even when she is at work. )gender typing. e. )panic disorder. 52 Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive 1997], evolutionary psychologists [Buss, 1995; Tooby and Cosmides, 1992] have emphasized that humans (and other animals) evolved specific cognitive abilities to deal with recurring problems faced by our ancestors (e.g., obtaining food, acquiring a mate). )borderline personality disorder. answer choices. c.)She can make sure the participants know that she has a Ph.D. from a prestigious university. d.)3:1. Evolutionary psychology works backward to propose an explanation; thus, any behavior can be explained Evolutionary psychologists have suggested that women prefer monogamy and men promiscuity in ensuring the survival of their genetic material. IQ scores can change drastically (more than one standard deviation) after children are provided enriched environments. The BLS does not specifically identify evolutionary psychology as a separate field, however, the American Psychological Association places the annual yearly salary for experimental psychology - a closely related field - at a range of $76,090-$116,343. College students were asked to pretend that they were accused murderers. An evolutionary psychologist would be likely to suggest that human preferences for sweet-tasting foods: a. Introduction to Psychology chapter 1 by - Issuu b. c. The professor's suggestion best illustrates a(n) ________ theory. d.)projective, According to Freud, this part of the personality represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment and for future aspirations. c.)phobia. Although Wendy is genetically male, she dresses in women's clothes in order to express her strong sense of identity as a female. nature and nurture. a.)self-concept. From anti-antibiotics to extinction therapy: How evolutionary thinking e. behavior genetics. c.)interpreting the meaning of clients' nonverbal behaviors. 6 Psychologists who take this perspective apply the basic principles of evolution (like natural selection) to psychological phenomena. Prepare the appropriate journal entry for each transaction or event during 2021, as well as any adjusting entries necessary at year end. )foot-in-the-door phenomenon. c.)interpersonal psychotherapy. A large-scale World Health Organization (2004) studybased on 90-minute interviews of 60,463 peopleestimated the number of prior-year mental disorders in 20 countries. )stimulus generalization. Yet, it is based on ideas that go back at least to the 1800s. )there is a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia. d.)discouraging clients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs. As Kevin matures, he will probably develop a, d. higher level of intelligence than that of his biological father. a. a. Cognition involves processes related to thinking, attention, memory, perception, problem-solving, knowing etc. b. A 3-month-old baby girl is always cheerful, relaxed, and predictable in terms of sleeping and eating. )the motivation to fulfill one's potential. a. She might be treated with: d.)obsessive-compulsive disorder. d. a. b. . Recorded any necessary adjusting entry(s) relating to the investments. b. Her therapy is most likely: )Biomedical therapy e. d.)our attitudes and actions clash. During a test, Abe impulsively copied several answers from a nearby student's paper. )avoidant personality disorder. Key Words Notes 2 Evolutionary psychologists most clearly emphasize )is the source of sexual and aggressive instinctual drives. )clients transfer their problems onto their therapists, but the problem still exists.